Panic DISORDER

Who gets panic attacks?

Panic attacks can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender, or background. However, they are more common in individuals who experience high levels of stress, have a family history of panic disorder, or have certain personality traits such as being highly sensitive or prone to anxiety. Additionally, individuals with other mental health conditions such as depression or generalized anxiety disorder may also be at a higher risk of experiencing panic attacks.

What are the symptoms of panic attacks?

Physical Symptoms:

• Rapid Heartbeat: A pounding or racing heart is a common symptom of a panic attack.
• Shortness of Breath: Many people feel like they can’t catch their breath during a panic attack, leading to hyperventilation.
• Chest Pain: Some individuals experience chest pain or discomfort, which may be mistaken for a heart attack.
• Sweating: Profuse sweating, even in cool temperatures, is another physical symptom.
• Trembling or Shaking: Tremors or shaking in the hands and limbs are frequent during a panic attack.
• Feeling Dizzy or Lightheaded: Many people report feeling dizzy or lightheaded during a panic attack, sometimes to the point of feeling faint.
• Nausea or Stomach Upset: Digestive disturbances like nausea, stomach pain, or diarrhea can occur.
• Chills or Hot Flashes: Sudden sensations of cold or heat, accompanied by sweating or shivering, are also possible.

Psychological Symptoms:

• Fear of Losing Control: Panic attacks often involve an intense fear of losing control or going crazy.
• Fear of Death: Individuals may feel like they are dying or experiencing a life-threatening situation, even though panic attacks are not physically dangerous.
• Sense of Detachment: Some people report feeling disconnected from reality or as if they are observing themselves from outside their body.
• Terror or Dread: Panic attacks are characterized by a profound sense of terror or impending doom.
• Feeling Out of Control: Individuals may feel like they are powerless to stop the panic attack or regain control over their thoughts and feelings.
• Intense Anxiety: Panic attacks are accompanied by overwhelming anxiety, often with no clear trigger or cause.
• Feeling Faint or Weak: Some individuals experience sensations of weakness, faintness, or unsteadiness during a panic attack.
• Difficulty Concentrating: It can be challenging to focus or concentrate on anything other than the panic attack itself.

What happens if a panic attack is left untreated?

• Increased Frequency and Severity: Without intervention, panic attacks may become more frequent and severe over time, making them even more distressing and debilitating.
• Avoidance Behavior: Individuals may start to avoid situations or places where they have experienced panic attacks, leading to social isolation and impaired functioning in daily life.
• Development of Phobias: Over time, untreated panic disorder can lead to the development of specific phobias related to situations or triggers that are associated with panic attacks. This can further limit a person’s ability to engage in normal activities.
• Negative Impact on Mental Health: Untreated panic disorder can exacerbate symptoms of depression and anxiety, leading to a worsening of overall mental health and well-being.
• Impaired Quality of Life: Panic attacks can significantly interfere with a person’s ability to work, socialize, and engage in daily activities, resulting in a decreased quality of life.
• Physical Health Effects: Chronic stress from untreated panic disorder can have detrimental effects on physical health, potentially increasing the risk of cardiovascular problems, gastrointestinal issues, and other health conditions.
• Substance Abuse: Some individuals may turn to drugs or alcohol as a way to cope with the symptoms of panic disorder, leading to substance abuse and dependency issues.
• Suicidal Thoughts or Behavior: In severe cases, untreated panic disorder can contribute to feelings of hopelessness and despair, increasing the risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior.

What is the treatment given for panic disorder?

Medication: In some cases, medication may be prescribed to help manage symptoms of panic disorder.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): CBT is one of the most effective treatments for panic disorder. It helps individuals identify and challenge negative thought patterns and beliefs that contribute to panic attacks. Through CBT, individuals learn coping strategies and relaxation techniques to manage panic symptoms.

Exposure Therapy: Exposure therapy involves gradually exposing individuals to the situations or sensations that trigger panic attacks in a controlled and safe environment. Over time, repeated exposure helps individuals become desensitized to their triggers, reducing the intensity of panic attacks.

Mindfulness-Based Therapy: Mindfulness techniques, such as mindfulness meditation and deep breathing exercises, can help individuals become more aware of their thoughts, feelings, and bodily sensations without judgment. This increased awareness can reduce anxiety and prevent panic attacks.

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT): ACT focuses on accepting uncomfortable thoughts and feelings rather than trying to control or avoid them. Through mindfulness and values-based action, individuals learn to live a fulfilling life even in the presence of anxiety and panic symptoms.

Dr. Nishtha Dalwani is recognized as one of the top Psychiatrists and Psychotherapists in Mumbai, renowned for her expertise and compassionate care. With over two decades of experience, she provides exceptional mental health services to her patients. Book an appointment with Dr. Dalwani today for comprehensive support and guidance.